The Z600 Double-Modulation Fluorometer measures Chl-fluorescence signal with a time resolution of up to 1 µs in the fast version or up to 4 µs in the Standard FL3500/S version. The instrument has two input channels. One channel is used for a PIN photodiode with 1 MHz A/D converter and 16-bit resolution. The second channel can be configured according to customer's request.

Measured fluorescence emission is excited by a set of light-emitting diodes that generate short measuring flashes; the photochemistry is driven by single-turnover flashes or by continuous actinic irradiance. The instrument supports Pulse Amplitude Modulation measurements and, at the same time, can capture fast OJIP transients or perform rapid measurements of QA- reoxidation kinetics, S-states, or of the effective antenna size. The major novel feature of this fluorometer is the capacity of the instrument to generate rectangular actinic flashes of extremely high power. Full reduction of QA acceptor can be achieved within 25 µs and the instrument can measure fluorescence induction during such a single-turnover saturating flash. This technique is used to determine the effective antenna size of the Photosystem II as well as its heterogeneity and connectivity without disturbing the measured system by DCMU or other herbicides (Nedbal et al., 1999, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: 48, 154-157, Koblizek et al., 2001, Photosynth.Res., 68 (2): 141-152).

Photosynthetically active samples, either suspensions, leaves, or even corals, can be investigated for their photochemical yields, quenching parameters, state transitions, or for the kinetics of photosynthetic redox reactions.

The Double-Modulation Fluorometer is manufactured in several custom-made versions: Standard, Fast, Leaf-Clip, High-Sensitivity, or Submersible.

Producing Area:Canada